Writing and Printing
Filipino alphabet
The Filipino alphabet (Filipino: Alpabetong Filipino, formerly Alfabetong Filipino) is the official alphabet of Filipino, the national language of the Philippines, and the de facto alphabet of all other Philippine languages. The standard Filipino alphabet is made up of 28 letters, comprising the entire letter set of the ISO basic Latin alphabet, the Spanish letter Ñ, and the nativized digraph NG. The digraph was retained from the 31-letter "enriched" Filipino alphabet (Filipino: Pinagyamang Alpabetong Filipino), which was adopted from the 20-letter Abakada alphabet (Filipino: Abakada), in turn adapted from the digraph N͠G under the 32-letter modified Spanish alphabet (Filipino: Abesedaryo). In 2013, the Commission on the Filipino Language (Filipino: Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino) published Ortograpiyang Pambansa ("National Orthography"), a new set of guidelines that resolved long-standing issues in phonemic representation across Philippine languages. This was supplemented in 2014 by KWF Manwal sa Masinop na Pagsulat ("KWF Handbook on Proper Writing"), which provided a broader scope of typographic, stylistic, and formatting guidelines not previously covered. Together, these laid the groundwork for the Commission's Harmonization of Orthographies of Filipino Languages (Filipino: Armonisasyon ng Ortograpiya ng mga Wika ng Pilipinas) initiative, with the standard Filipino alphabet as part of the "universal model" for all existing and upcoming state-sanctioned orthographies. Since regional and local orthographies may adapt national guidelines to represent phonemes absent in Tagalog, on which Filipino is originally based, this has led to the introduction of new graphemes and diacritics in Filipino as well as the reintroduction of historical Spanish-based letters and digraphs. This article discusses the use of the Filipino alphabet in writing Filipino and all other Philippine languages.
Also on this shelf
History of accounting.
Franz Fühmann.
See also
Uncatalogued shelfText from Wikipedia; plate via Wikimedia Commons. Text CC BY-SA 4.0; plate freely licensed (see Commons). Source record. Images and catalogue data are reproduced from open-access collections.