Medieval and Manuscripts

Basel

Basel is a city in northwestern Switzerland on the river Rhine, at the transition from the High Rhine to the Upper Rhine. Basel is Switzerland's third most populous city (after Zurich and Geneva), with 177,595 inhabitants within the city municipality limits. Basel is commonly considered to be the cultural capital of Switzerland and the city's museums include the Kunstmuseum, which was the first collection of art accessible to the public in the world (1661) and the largest museum of art in Switzerland, the Fondation Beyeler (located in Riehen), the Museum Tinguely and the Museum of Contemporary Art, which was the first public museum of contemporary art in Europe. Forty museums are spread throughout the canton, making Basel one of the largest cultural centres in relation to its size and population in Europe. It is the hometown of the Art Basel international art fair, showcasing modern and contemporary works from leading galleries and attracting top collectors, artists, and enthusiasts globally. The University of Basel, Switzerland's oldest university (founded in 1460), and the city's centuries-long commitment to humanism, have made Basel a safe haven at times of political unrest in other parts of Europe for such notable people as Erasmus of Rotterdam, the Holbein family, Friedrich Nietzsche, Carl Jung, and in the 20th century also Hermann Hesse and Karl Jaspers. Basel was the seat of a Prince-Bishopric starting in the 11th century, and joined the Swiss Confederacy in 1501. The city has been a commercial hub and an important cultural centre since the Renaissance, and has emerged as a centre for the chemical and pharmaceutical industries in the 20th century. In 1897, Basel was chosen by Theodor Herzl as the location for the first World Zionist Congress, and altogether the congress was held there ten times over a time span of 50 years, more than in any other location. The city is also home to the world headquarters of the Bank for International Settlements. Other notable institutions in Basel include the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, which published banking standards such as Basel III; Art Basel; and FC Basel. Basel is Switzerland's main centre for the pharmaceutical industry, hosting both Novartis and Roche. In 1938, the world-renowned chemist Albert Hofmann discovered LSD in Basel, where he spent most of his life.

Also on this shelf

See also

• ▸Church of the Assumption of Our Lady, Torquay
• ▸Edward Thomas (locomotive)
• ▸Bolton Priory

Uncatalogued shelf

Text from Wikipedia; plate via Wikimedia Commons. Text CC BY-SA 4.0; plate freely licensed (see Commons). Source record. Images and catalogue data are reproduced from open-access collections.