Medieval and Manuscripts

Bible translations in the Middle Ages

Bible translations in the Middle Ages went through several phases, all using the Vulgate. In the Early Middle Ages, written translations tended to be associated with royal or episcopal patronage, or with glosses on Latin texts; in the High Middle Ages with monasteries and universities; in the Late Middle Ages, with lay and priestly uses to study the daily or weekly liturgical readings, especially with the advent of printing. Some popular movements caused, when the movement were associated with violence, official crackdowns on various kinds of vernacular scripture in Spain, England and France.

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See also

• ▸Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople
• ▸Blepharoplasty
• ▸American Cathedral in Paris

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