Geology and Minerals

1996 eruption of Gjálp

Between 30 September and 13 October 1996, an Icelandic hyaloclastite ridge named Gjálp (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈcaul̥p]) erupted. Located under the Vatnajökull glacier shield, its present form resulted from the eruptions, and it is likely part of the Grímsvötn volcanic system. However, not all scientists are of this opinion, as seismic studies are consistent with a 10 km (6.2 mi) lateral dike intrusion at about 5 km (3.1 mi) depth from Bárðarbunga being the trigger event. This does not exclude a shallower secondary intrusion from Grímsvötn being important in the subaerial eruption itself.

Also on this shelf

See also

• ▸California Volcano Observatory
• ▸Guzhuang (costume)
• ▸Calthemite

Uncatalogued shelf

Text from Wikipedia; plate via Wikimedia Commons. Text CC BY-SA 4.0; plate freely licensed (see Commons). Source record. Images and catalogue data are reproduced from open-access collections.