Astronomy and Space

High Altitude Venus Operational Concept

High Altitude Venus Operational Concept (HAVOC) was a proposed set of crewed NASA mission concepts to the planet Venus. All human portions of the missions would be conducted from lighter-than-air craft or from orbit. A similar concept, the "Floating Islands of Venus", was proposed by Soviet engineer and sci-fi writer Sergei Zhitomirsky in 1971. NASA never intended to seriously pursue HAVOC, instead using it as a development tool for analysis skills in young engineers.

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See also

• ▸Heat shield
• ▸History of spaceflight
• ▸Dynamics Explorer 2

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