Asian Art

History of Andhra Pradesh

The recorded history of Andhra Pradesh, one of the 28 states of 21st-century India, begins in the Vedic period. It is mentioned in Sanskrit epics such as the Aitareya Brahmana (800 BCE). Its sixth-century BCE incarnation Assaka lay between the Godavari and Krishna Rivers, one of sixteen mahajanapadas (700–300 BCE). The Satavahanas succeeded them (230 BCE–220 CE), built Amaravati, and reached a zenith under Gautamiputra Satakarni. After the Satavahanas, the region fragmented into fiefdoms. By the late second century CE, Andhra Ikshvakus ruled along the Krishna River. In the fourth century CE, the Pallava dynasty ruled southern Andhra Pradesh and Tamilakam, and had a capital at Kanchipuram. Their power increased in the reigns of Mahendravarman I (571–630) and Narasimhavarman I (630–668), and dominated northern Tamilakam and the southern Telugu-speaking region until the end of the ninth century.Northern Andhra Pradesh was under Vengi Chalukyas starting from 624 CE. Later during 1002 CE Vengi Chalukyas became subordinate to the Imperial Cholas when Rajaraja Chola I helped Vengi Chalukyas to secure the Vengi throne from Telugu Chola king Jata Choda Bhima. From 1002 CE till 1206 CE Andhra Pradesh was under Imperial Cholas. From 1206 CE to 1323 CE the Kakatiya dynasty unified the land and in that golden age Tikkana’s translation of the Mahabharata founded Telugu literature. In 1258 CE, Pandyan emperor Jatavarman Sundara Pandyan I defeated Nellore Cholas and Kakatiyas, extending the Pandyan empire as far as Nellore. Kakatiyas unified the Andhra again during internal crisis in Pandyan empire. In 1323 CE, Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq, sultan of Delhi, sent a large army under Ulugh Khan to lay siege to Warangal. After the Kakatiya dynasty fell, the Delhi Sultanate, and the Persio-Tajik sultanate of central India competed for the region. Reddi Kingdom (1325-1448) emerged under Prolaya Vema Reddy and successors ruled parts of this region in the early 14th century to mid 15th century, ruled over 120 years. Reddy kings constructed Kondaveedu Fort and Kondapalli Fort. Reddy kings ruled entire Coastal Andhra and parts of Tamil Nadu between 1325-1448.

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See also

• ▸Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
• ▸List of most expensive paintings
• ▸Bhaisajyaguru

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Text from Wikipedia; plate via Wikimedia Commons. Text CC BY-SA 4.0; plate freely licensed (see Commons). Source record. Images and catalogue data are reproduced from open-access collections.