Ancient World
Deir al-Balah
Deir al-Balah (Arabic: دير البلح, lit. 'Monastery of the Date Palm') is a city in the center of the Gaza Strip, Palestine, and the administrative capital of the Deir al-Balah Governorate. It is located over 14 kilometers (8.7 mi) south of Gaza City. The city had a population of 75,132 in 2017. The city is known for its date palms, after which it is named. Deir al-Balah dates back to the Late Bronze Age when it served as a fortified outpost for the New Kingdom of Egypt. A monastery was built there by the Christian monk Hilarion in the mid-4th century AD and is currently believed to be the site of a mosque dedicated to Saint George, known locally as al-Khidr. During the Crusader-Ayyubid wars, Deir al-Balah was the site of a strategic coastal fortress known as Deir al-Darum which was continuously contested, dismantled and rebuilt by both sides until its final demolition in 1196. Afterward, the site grew to become a large village on the postal route of the Mamluk Sultanate (13th–15th centuries). It served as an episcopal see of the Greek Orthodox Church of Jerusalem during Ottoman times until the late 19th century. Egyptian occupation after 1948 saw the population triple from the influx of refugees during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. It was a prosperous agricultural town. Israel captured the region during the Six-Day War. Deir al-Balah became the first city to come under Palestinian self-rule in 1994. Since the outbreak of the Second Intifada in 2000, it has witnessed frequent incursions by the Israel Defense Forces with the stated aim of stopping Qassam rocket fire into Israel. Ahmad Kurd, a Hamas member, was elected mayor in late January 2005. By late 2024, a tented camp had been established at Deir al-Balah. "Smile of Hope Camp" is managed by the Palestinian Red Crescent and provides care and facilities for people with disabilities.
Also on this shelf
Bani Surmah.
Chogha Zanbil.
See also
- ▸Archaeology of the Bar Kokhba Revolt
- ▸Daniel H. Janzen
- ▸Conservation issues of Pompeii and Herculaneum
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